Physicians diagnose SCA through various neurological tests and by taking a family history of any disease. They ask detailed questions about family members who show or showed symptoms of the disease, the kinds of symptoms seen in these relatives, the age s of disease onset, and the progression and severity of symptoms.
Neuroimaging, using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, can show atrophy of the cerebellum and other brain structures. Other forms of imaging can show changes in brain function. A definitive diagnosis of SCA can be made only with a genetic test. Genetic testing can confirm mutations of a known gene to cause SCA. Those individuals who are at risk for MJD or another SCA for example, those who have an affected parent but do not have any symptoms can undergo presymptomatic testing to determine whether they carry the gene mutation and therefore will likely later develop the disease.
Genetic testing is voluntary. Because testing has benefits as well as limitations and risks, the decision about whether to be tested is a personal and complex one. A geneticist or genetic counselor can help by providing information about the pros and cons of the test and discussing the social and emotional aspects of testing.
For more information on genetic testing, see MedlinePlus: What is genetic testing? There is no definitive treatment to cure SCA or slow its progression, but some symptoms of the disease can be treated. Ongoing research includes efforts to better understand the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms that underlie repeat expansion diseases related to SCAs including MJD, and other abnormal triplet repeat expansion diseases.
Overlapping mechanisms may be involved in triplet repeat disorders such as MJD, regardless of whether or not the repeat is in a protein-producing or coding region of the gene.
Modifications of the mutant protein can impact toxicity, which may explain why some triplet repeat diseases have onset later in life. Clinical trials include investigating treatments for SCAs including MJD, identifying biomarkers signs that can be used to diagnose a disease and monitor its progression , a natural history study of and genetic modifiers in the SCAs, and developing a patient registry for rare diseases, including the SCAs, to allow individuals with these disorders and researchers to connect as easily as possible to help advance treatments and cures for rare diseases including the spinocerebellar ataxias.
Other research includes work to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved with SCAs, improve current diagnostic procedures, and develop disease-modifying and other therapies for the spinocerebellar ataxias. Twenty-one years ago, running back Napoleon Kaufman etched his name in the Raiders record books with a performance for the ages.
Eddie Paskal and Kyle Martin of Raiders. The Oakland Raiders have signed first-round draft pick tackle Kolton Miller, the club announced Friday. He talked with Raiders. This Packers legend would go on to be both a coach and a broadcaster later in life, but during his nine years with the Green Bay Packers, he was one of the most dangerous vertical threats in all of football.
Lofton recorded 9, yards receiving and 50 total touchdowns with the Packers and was named to the NFL's All-Decade Team of the s. The Houston Texans have only been a franchise for around a decade, so the talent pool for the fastest player in team history was somewhat limited.
We never really got a chance to see David Carr's speed because he was always being sacked, and Tony Boselli just didn't feel like he deserved to be on this list. Luckily, Trindon Holliday joined the Texans in and gave the team a legitimate speedster. His yard dash time hovers between 4. Holliday has already left for greener pastures with the Denver Broncos, but in his short tenure, he left a clearly defined mark with Houston. There was a time, not that long ago, when the Indianapolis Colts backfield was not inhibited by players like Vick Ballard and Donald Brown.
Edgerrin James lined up behind Peyton Manning for seven seasons and made a name for himself as one of the fastest RBs in the game of football. He averaged 4. At 5'8", pounds, Maurice Jones-Drew would not appear to be a running back capable of both bruising hits and game-breaking runs. MJD has become one of the most elite players in the NFL and is already on his way to being one of the greatest players ever to wear a Jacksonville Jaguars uniform.
MJD runs as hard as any back in football, and yet few can track him down once he gets to the second level and into the open field. Lastly, the video included above does not showcase MJD's speed, but rather is a nice reminder of the time he knocked Shawne Merriman flat on his back side. In the mids, no player was as dangerous on kick returns as No.
Hall posted 12, total return yards during his career. He also had 1, receiving yards and 21 TDs, 12 of which came on kick returns. Hall was explosive from sideline to sideline, and squib kicks became a common occurrence when he lined up deep to receive.
He possesses so much talent and was such a thrill to watch at Ohio State, but has failed to score more than two touchdowns in a season at the NFL level. At any rate, Ginn is still lethally quick and agile. He was scary good with the Buckeyes and has at least averaged In his three seasons with Miami, Ginn had 36 punt returns for yards and one TD.
He also had kickoff returns for 3, yards and two TDs. Did you get the reference? If not, you are missing out on one of the single funniest moments in NFL history. Anyway, Moss ran a 4. A silver medalist at the Summer Olympic Games in London and the meter World Junior record holder with a time of The problem is that he is currently listed on the injured reserve for the New England Patriots and has yet to actually play at the professional level.
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